Fronteiras da trijunção : representações e memórias do sertão-gerais no Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas

Resumo Ingles

This research intends to understand Representatives and Memories of the Sertão-Gerais, and the contribution of both to the value of cultural and territorial identities of the Traditional Communities of Carinhanha Sources in the context of the Multiple Frontiers of Three frontiers. Its focus is on the Collective Memory of the Geralista, a native identity category of the Veredeiro Community Core (VCN) of Grande Sertão Veredas National Park - PARNA-GSV, in its Enlargement Area created in 2004, which we call PARNA-GSV.2. The Region of Three frontiers is an area of borders (Agricultural, Environmental and Cultural) not official; located at the intersection of the states of Bahia, Goiás and Minas Gerais. It has been going through slow changes since the 18th century. The most significant impacts on the Traditional Culture of groups such as the Geralistas occurred with the arrival of the Conservatory Modernization of the Cerrado Biome within the context influenced by the beginning of Brasilia (1960/1980). These impacts brought precarious territorial disintegrations, culminating to the creation of this conservation unit (PARNA-GSV.1) in 1989. The Three frontiers is a transition zone Cerrado-Caatinga: it is 350 km far from Brasília. Oral History and Cultural History were used as complementary methodological procedures in the approaches on eighteen narratives resulting from semi-structured interviews made with two subgroups of Interlocutors: twelve rural dwellers and six urban; the majority live in the Three frontiers itself and part in the RIDE-DF. All are consanguineous relatives or by affinity of the four pioneering families (Mendes, Brito/"Bito", Barbosa and Rodrigues), responsible for having territory of the area converted into the PARNA-GSV.2. These interlocutors were selected from the degree ofinterparental linking with descendants of the Patriarchal farm Trunk Family Rafael Mendes de Queiróz and Mrs Rita Rodrigues de Almeida, former owners of most of the PARNA-GSV.2 according to the 1907 documents, which attests they were the owners of Rodeio-Canabrava Farm. The research identified four categories of identity marking present in the Collective Memory between these Traditional Communities: Carinhanha-Gerais, Goiás-Januária, Geralista Subject and People/Staff of the Park. Through the memories and their representations, it was verified that there are still strong socio-cultural ties of these communities with the Sertão-Gerais; that its members conscientiously are still under the problems and the impacts arising from both the Conservative Modernization and the PARNA-GSV; and there is still among them an intense cultural resistance associated with Mimesis, which is the freshing force of sustenance that keeps alive its identity affiliated to the Geraizeira Identity Matrix. The analysis of the set of these narratives (Geolexicopédia) pointed out, among other alternatives, to make immediately the critical reformulation of the Environmental Management Program and with it to draw up a second management plan that includes the creation of Historical-Cultural Zones in places remembered by the Geralistas.